References for Acetaminophen in Pregnancy

9/29/2025

ACOG (American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists).  9/22/2025 News Release: ACOG Affirms Safety and Benefits of Acetaminophen during Pregnancy.  Retrieved 9/25/25 from: https://www.acog.org/news/news-releases/2025/09/acog-affirms-safety-benefits-acetaminophen-pregnancy

Balli S, Shumway KR, Sharan S. Physiology, Fever. [Updated 2023 Sep 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562334/

Bauer AZ, Swan SH, Kriebel D, Liew Z, Taylor HS, Bornehag CG, Andrade AM, Olsen J, Jensen RH, Mitchell RT, Skakkebaek NE, Jégou B, Kristensen DM. Paracetamol use during pregnancy - a call for precautionary action. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2021 Dec;17(12):757-766. doi: 10.1038/s41574-021-00553-7. Epub 2021 Sep 23. PMID: 34556849; PMCID: PMC8580820.

Blackburn, S.  (2018).  Maternal, Fetal, Neonatal Physiology: A Clinical Perspective, 5th Ed.  St. Louis: Elsevier.

Damkier P, Gram EB, Ceulemans M, Panchaud A, Cleary B, Chambers C, Weber-Schoendorfer C, Kennedy D, Hodson K, Grant KS, Diav-Citrin O, Običan SG, Shechtman S, Alwan S. Acetaminophen in Pregnancy and Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Feb 1;145(2):168-176. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005802. Epub 2024 Dec 5. PMID: 39637384.

Ji Y, Azuine RE, Zhang Y, Hou W, Hong X, Wang G, Riley A, Pearson C, Zuckerman B, Wang X. Association of Cord Plasma Biomarkers of In Utero Acetaminophen Exposure With Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Childhood. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020 Feb 1;77(2):180-189. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3259. PMID: 31664451; PMCID: PMC6822099.

McBride, S.  (2018).  Birth Kit Essentials: Your Guide to Essential Oil Use in Maternity & Beyond.  Retrieved from https://stephanie-mcbride.com/

Prada D, Ritz B, Bauer AZ, Baccarelli AA. Evaluation of the evidence on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental disorders using the Navigation Guide methodology. Environ Health. 2025 Aug 14;24(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12940-025-01208-0. PMID: 40804730; PMCID: PMC12351903.

Price, S. & Price, L. (2012).  Aromatherapy for Health Professionals, 4th Ed.  Churchill Livingston/Elsevier: New York.

Simkin, P., Whalley, J., Keppler, A., Durham, J., & Bolding, A.  (2024).  Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Newborn: The Complete Guide, 6th Edition.  Hachette Books: New York.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.  President Trump, Secretary Kennedy Announce Bold Actions to Tackle Autism Epidemic.  Retrieved 9/25/2025 from: https://www.hhs.gov/press-room/hhs-trump-kennedy-autism-initiatives-leucovorin-tylenol-research-2025.html

U.S. Food & Drug Administration.  Notice to Physicians on the Use of Acetaminophen During Pregnancy.  Retrieved 9/25/2025 from:  https://www.fda.gov/media/188843/download?attachment

Woodbury ML, Geiger SD, Schantz SL. The relationship of prenatal acetaminophen exposure and attention-related behavior in early childhood. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2024 Jan-Feb;101:107319. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107319. Epub 2024 Jan 8. PMID: 38199313; PMCID: PMC11018143.